Metamorphic Stone

Marble

Marmara & Afyon, Turkey

ASTM C503 Compliant

Marble is a metamorphic rock formed when limestone or dolostone is subjected to high heat and pressure deep within the earth's crust. This recrystallization process transforms the original calcite into a mosaic of interlocking crystals, creating the distinctive veining patterns and translucent quality that define marbl...

Technical Specifications
Mohs hardness
3–4
Water absorption
0.2%
Freeze-thaw
Moderate — sealed use
Density
2.71 g/cm³
Cost range $12–28 / sq ft
Price Range $12–28 / sq ft
Applications

Where Marble is used

  • Interior flooring
  • Bathroom walls and floors
  • Kitchen backsplash
  • Countertops (low-acid kitchens)
  • Fireplace surrounds
  • Exterior facade (sealed)
  • Entryways and lobbies
  • Stair treads
Climate Suitability

Regional performance

Suitable for exterior use in USDA zones 8–11 when sealed. In freeze zones (1–7), limit to protected exterior applications with sealing every 6 months. Interior use is unrestricted.

Care & Maintenance

Marble maintenance guide

Seal annually with penetrating impregnator sealer. Clean exclusively with pH-neutral stone cleaner — never vinegar, bleach, or acidic products. Blot spills immediately. Use cutting boards and coasters. Honed marble conceals etching and scratches better than polished. Polish light etch marks with tin oxide marble polishing powder.

FAQ

Common questions about Marble

Does marble scratch easily?

Yes — at Mohs 3–4, marble scratches more easily than granite or quartzite. Use honed finish in high-traffic areas (it hides scratches better). A scratch-resistant sealer slows surface wear but does not eliminate it. Annual professional honing restores any accumulated light surface scratches.

Can marble be used in kitchens?

Yes, with maintenance expectations set correctly. Marble etches from acidic foods and beverages (lemon, wine, vinegar, tomato). Use cutting boards and coasters, clean spills immediately, and seal 2× per year in kitchens. Honed marble is more forgiving than polished. Many clients prefer marble's living, patinated character over the pristine look of harder stones.

How do I repair marble that has yellowed?

Yellowing in marble usually indicates oxidation of iron within the stone (particularly in white marbles) or yellowing of old topical sealers. For sealer yellowing: strip with an alkaline stone cleaner and reapply penetrating sealer. For iron oxidation: hire an NTCA stone restoration professional for poultice treatment and re-honing. Prevent yellowing by using penetrating (not topical) sealers and avoiding UV-exposure for interior white marble.

Geology

How Marble forms

Marble is a metamorphic rock formed when limestone or dolostone is subjected to high heat and pressure deep within the earth's crust. This recrystallization process transforms the original calcite into a mosaic of interlocking crystals, creating the distinctive veining patterns and translucent quality that define marble. The world's finest marble deposits are in Carrara (Italy), Marmara Island (Turkey), and Afyonkarahisar (Turkey). Each vein pattern is unique — no two marble slabs are identical.